In recent years, with the continuous development of social economy, endoscopy is more and more widely used in our daily life, but many people are not very clear about the knowledge of endoscope. In fact, endoscope generally refers to the medical equipment that enters the human body through various channels to observe the internal conditions of the human body. Let's take a look at some of the main work of endoscope maintenance.

　　使用中的注意事項(xiàng)硬管內(nèi)窺鏡在手術(shù)過(guò)程中受到損壞的現(xiàn)象并不多，雖然會(huì)與人體的組織如肌肉、黏膜、骨骼等有接觸和磕碰，但是這些磕碰是輕微的，不會(huì)造成窺鏡的損壞，因?yàn)樗皇瞧鹩^察的作用，不是其他器械的受力點(diǎn)。但是在使用其他器械時(shí)，尤其是咬合力較大的鉗、剪類(lèi)器械應(yīng)注意鏡管的前端不要伸進(jìn)器械的咬合區(qū)內(nèi)，以免誤傷鏡管。在使用這類(lèi)器械時(shí)，有時(shí)醫(yī)生為了看清楚咬合區(qū)的組織，把窺鏡伸得很靠近組織，器械咬合時(shí)窺鏡沒(méi)有退回，誤傷了窺鏡。手術(shù)時(shí)如注意讓器械的咬合口全部都在窺鏡的觀察范圍內(nèi)就可以避免此類(lèi)事故發(fā)生。

　　During the operation, hard tube endoscope is not damaged in many cases. Although it may contact and bump with human tissues such as muscle, mucous membrane and bone, these bumps are slight and will not cause damage to the endoscope, because it is only used for observation, not the force bearing point of other instruments. However, when using other instruments, especially forceps and scissors with large bite force, the front end of the lens tube should not extend into the occlusal area of the instrument, so as to avoid accidental injury to the lens tube. When using this kind of instrument, sometimes the doctor extends the endoscope very close to the tissue in order to see clearly the tissue in the occlusal area. When the instrument is occluded, the endoscope does not return and the endoscope is injured by mistake. This kind of accident can be avoided if the occlusal mouth of the instrument is all within the scope of the endoscope.

　　有些手術(shù)窺鏡是在鞘管內(nèi)使用，在更換其他角度窺鏡或插拔器械時(shí)，應(yīng)注意動(dòng)作要輕，不可用力過(guò)猛。尤其是插拔窺鏡過(guò)程中，當(dāng)遇到阻力拔不動(dòng)時(shí)應(yīng)仔細(xì)查找原因，必要時(shí)應(yīng)連同鞘管一起拔取，不要用蠻力。當(dāng)窺鏡配合激光汽化、高頻電切、微波等光電技術(shù)進(jìn)行手術(shù)時(shí)，應(yīng)注意窺鏡前端與治療點(diǎn)的距離，保證窺鏡前端不被電擊或燒灼。當(dāng)感覺(jué)到刨刀工作異?；蛘斩韧蝗唤档蜁r(shí)，有可能窺鏡已經(jīng)受損，應(yīng)及時(shí)更換，以免造成更大損失。一般重要手術(shù)，應(yīng)有一套備用窺鏡和關(guān)鍵器械，在發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題時(shí)可以從容地更換;如果使用角度不合適的窺鏡或不配套的器械勉強(qiáng)手術(shù)，也容易造成窺鏡的損壞。
                   

　　Some operating endoscopes are used in the sheath tube. When replacing the endoscope with other angles or inserting and pulling out the instrument, the action should be light and the force should not be too strong. Especially in the process of inserting and pulling out the endoscope, when the resistance is encountered, the reason should be carefully found out. If necessary, it should be pulled out together with the sheath tube, without brute force. When the endoscope is operated with laser vaporization, high-frequency electrosurgical excision, microwave and other photoelectric technologies, attention should be paid to the distance between the front end of the endoscope and the treatment point to ensure that the front end of the endoscope is not shocked or burned. When the planer blade works abnormally or the illumination suddenly decreases, the endoscope may have been damaged, so it should be replaced in time to avoid greater loss. For general important surgery, there should be a set of spare endoscopes and key instruments, which can be easily replaced when problems are found; if the endoscope with inappropriate angle or incompatible equipment is used to force the operation, it is easy to cause damage to the endoscope.

　　怎樣維護(hù)硬管內(nèi)窺鏡硬管內(nèi)窺鏡應(yīng)有專(zhuān)人專(zhuān)柜保管，放在專(zhuān)用的包裝箱內(nèi)，內(nèi)襯柔軟的海綿或聚氨酯泡沫。所有窺鏡和手術(shù)器械都要碼放整齊，不得交叉重疊放置，確保箱蓋蓋好后，內(nèi)部的窺鏡和器械不會(huì)在搬運(yùn)時(shí)相互撞擊。由于內(nèi)窺鏡的鏡管很薄，受到擠壓、磕碰、折彎、落地等情況就會(huì)彎曲變形，導(dǎo)致鏡片破損或光軸偏移而造成圖像不清楚或不能使用，所以從包裝箱中取出或放入硬管內(nèi)窺鏡時(shí)，應(yīng)雙手平托，輕輕地取出或放入，切忌提起一段拽出。窺鏡放在托盤(pán)等硬質(zhì)容器內(nèi)移動(dòng)時(shí)，注意與其他器械分開(kāi)放置，不要過(guò)分顛簸，以免碰撞到窺鏡。包裝箱內(nèi)應(yīng)備有干燥劑保持箱內(nèi)干燥。

　　How to maintain the rigid tube endoscope hard tube endoscope should be kept in a special cabinet, placed in a special packing box, lined with soft sponge or polyurethane foam. All endoscopes and surgical instruments should be stacked in order and should not be overlapped. After the box cover is covered, the internal endoscope and instruments will not collide with each other during transportation. As the endoscope tube is very thin, it will bend and deform when it is squeezed, bumped, bent or landed on the ground, resulting in lens damage or optical axis offset, resulting in unclear or unusable images. Therefore, when taking out or putting the hard tube endoscope out of the packaging box, both hands should be held flat and gently taken out or put in. It is forbidden to lift a section of the endoscope out. When the endoscope is placed in the tray and other hard containers, it should be placed separately from other instruments, and should not be unduly bumped to avoid collision with the endoscope. There should be desiccant in the packing box to keep it dry.

　　普通的硬管內(nèi)窺鏡都不耐高溫高壓，主要是由于封裝膠在高溫下會(huì)變質(zhì)、變形，窺鏡就會(huì)開(kāi)膠進(jìn)水，所以不可用煮沸和高壓蒸汽等高溫高壓的方法消毒。大多數(shù)硬管內(nèi)窺鏡的損壞都是由于不注意保養(yǎng)、磕碰、落地等原因造成的。也有個(gè)別生產(chǎn)廠的封裝膠、封裝技術(shù)、封裝結(jié)構(gòu)有問(wèn)題，造成窺鏡進(jìn)水、開(kāi)膠的現(xiàn)象，這些都是可以修復(fù)的。硬管內(nèi)窺鏡雖然是嬌貴的醫(yī)療器械，但是在正常的臨床手術(shù)或觀察中是不容易出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題的。只要使用得法、精心維護(hù)、細(xì)心保養(yǎng)，醫(yī)生們可以放心使用，硬管內(nèi)窺鏡也會(huì)發(fā)揮最大的效益。

　　Ordinary hard tube endoscopes are not resistant to high temperature and high pressure. The main reason is that the sealing glue will deteriorate and deform under high temperature, and the endoscope will open glue and water into the endoscope. Therefore, it can not be disinfected by boiling and high-pressure steam and other high-temperature and high-pressure methods. Most of the damage of hard tube endoscope is due to careless maintenance, bumping, landing and other reasons. There are also individual manufacturers of packaging glue, packaging technology, packaging structure problems, resulting in endoscope water, open phenomenon, these can be repaired. Although rigid tube endoscope is a delicate medical device, it is not easy to have problems in normal clinical operation or observation. As long as it is used properly, carefully and carefully, doctors can use it at ease, and the hard tube endoscope will also play the greatest benefit.